Evaluation of energy savings related to building envelope retrofit techniques and ventilation strategies for low energy cooling in offices and commercial sector
Résumé
The energy savings achievable in the end-use space cooling depend on a number of variables related to the building envelope, the plants and to some extent the behavior of occupants. They are hence complex to evaluate and consequently often underrepresented in designers, energy managers and policy makers decisions.
This paper is based on some results of the European Commission supported project KeepCool2. It discusses a methodology for bottom-up assessment of the energy savings related to “sustainable summer comfort” solutions: to do this, reference base case building typologies in offices and commercial sector are analyzed in 5 european typical climates, and dynamic simulations are used to calculate the reductions in the energy needs for cooling which can be achieved by specific retrofit actions (e.g. additions of effective solar protections, increased thermal insulation, day-time and nighttime mechanical ventilation, natural ventilation, low solar absorbance surfaces and others); also thermal comfort conditions in the analysed base cases are evaluated by using Fanger model and Adaptive ones, according to the european standard EN15251. Conducted dynamic simulations also allow to evaluate the effects on energy consumptions of the interactions between several considered energy efficiency improvement action. By using the developed methodology, we show typical values of energy savings related to single or packaged technical measures of sustainable summer comfort applied to typical building, in typical european climates. The adoption of different types of shadowing devices and relative manual and automatic controls and the use of adequate ventilation strategies show great potential in energy savings for cooling.
This paper is based on some results of the European Commission supported project KeepCool2. It discusses a methodology for bottom-up assessment of the energy savings related to “sustainable summer comfort” solutions: to do this, reference base case building typologies in offices and commercial sector are analyzed in 5 european typical climates, and dynamic simulations are used to calculate the reductions in the energy needs for cooling which can be achieved by specific retrofit actions (e.g. additions of effective solar protections, increased thermal insulation, day-time and nighttime mechanical ventilation, natural ventilation, low solar absorbance surfaces and others); also thermal comfort conditions in the analysed base cases are evaluated by using Fanger model and Adaptive ones, according to the european standard EN15251. Conducted dynamic simulations also allow to evaluate the effects on energy consumptions of the interactions between several considered energy efficiency improvement action. By using the developed methodology, we show typical values of energy savings related to single or packaged technical measures of sustainable summer comfort applied to typical building, in typical european climates. The adoption of different types of shadowing devices and relative manual and automatic controls and the use of adequate ventilation strategies show great potential in energy savings for cooling.
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